Conditional Statements in Python
Have you ever had to make a choice? For example, if it is raining, you take an umbrella. If it is sunny, you wear sunglasses. In programming, we do the same thing. We tell the computer to make decisions based on certain conditions.
What is conditional statement in python?
A conditional statements in Python simple definition is a set of rules that tells the computer to run specific code only when a certain condition is true. It is like a fork in the road. Depending on the answer to a question, the program chooses which path to take.
When people ask what are conditional statements in python, they are usually talking about the way we control the flow of a program. These statements help your code become "smart" instead of just running line by line from top to bottom.
Types of conditional statements in python
There are four main types of blocks you will use to make decisions in your code. These are common topics whether you are studying Conditional statements in Python Class 7 or Conditional statements in Python Class 11. Here they are:
The if Statement
This is the simplest form. It checks a condition. If the condition is true, the code inside it runs. If it is false, the computer ignores it.
age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("You can vote")
In this example, the computer checks if the age is 18 or more. Since it is true, it prints the message. Notice the space before the print command. This is called indentation, and it is very important in Python.
The if-else Statement
Sometimes you want to do one thing if a condition is true and a different thing if it is false. This is where we use else.
marks = 30
if marks >= 40:
print("You passed the test")
else:
print("You need to study more")
Here, the condition is false because 30 is less than 40. So, the computer skips the first message and prints the one after else.
Using elif for Multiple Choices
What if you have more than two options? For instance, grading a student. We use elif, which is short for else if. You can find many conditional statements in python w3schools tutorials that show this ladder approach.
score = 85
if score >= 90:
print("Grade A")
elif score >= 80:
print("Grade B")
elif score >= 70:
print("Grade C")
else:
print("Grade D")
The computer checks the first condition. If it is false, it moves to the next one. As soon as it finds a true condition, it runs that code and stops checking the rest.
Nested if Statements
A nested if is simply an if statement inside another if statement. We use this for complex decisions. Imagine checking if someone is old enough to drive and if they have a license.
age = 20
has_license = True
if age >= 18:
if has_license:
print("You can drive a car")
else:
print("You need a license first")
else:
print("You are too young to drive")
First, the computer checks the age. If that is true, it enters the second level to check for the license. If the age was false, it would have skipped everything inside and gone straight to the last else.
Summary for Students
Learning conditional statements in python with examples is the best way to master programming logic. Whether you are looking for a conditional statements in python pdf for your school notes or practicing on your laptop, remember that indentation is key. Always use a colon after your conditions and keep your code clean.
By using these tools, you can build games, calculators, and apps that react to what the user does. Practice writing small programs with these blocks to see how they work in real life.
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